ELA, Volume 8, pp. 115-127, August 2001, abstract. How to establish universal block-matrix factorizations Yongge Tian and George P. H. Styan A general method is presented for establishing universal factorization equalities for 2x2 and 4x4 block matrices. As applications, some universal factorization equalities for matrices over four-dimensional algebras are established, in particular, over the Hamiltonian quaternion algebra.